INTRODUCTION
Planning is the intellectual process of thinking in advance about the setting of goals and developing strategies that are required to attain the goal efficiency. It plays a significant role in the development of an individual.
In physical education and sports, there are various types of planning are related to organizing various tournaments and sports training. Planning is necessary to make the best use of what is to achieve the aims.
MEANING
Planning is a process of developing a strategy to achieve desired objectives, solve problems, and facilitate action. With the help of appropriate planning in the field of games and sports, even some hitherto unachievable tasks can be achieved.
In simple words, Planning is the process of deciding in advance what is to be done and when is to be done, Who is to be it, how is to be done and where is to be done
DEFINITIONS
MEANING
Planning is a process of developing a strategy to achieve desired objectives, solve problems, and facilitate action. With the help of appropriate planning in the field of games and sports, even some hitherto unachievable tasks can be achieved.
In simple words, Planning is the process of deciding in advance what is to be done and when is to be done, Who is to be it, how is to be done and where is to be done
DEFINITIONS
According to Alford and Beatt,
"Planning is the thinking process the organized foresight the vision based on fact and experience that requires for intelligent action"According to Mitchell,
"Planning is usually interpreted as a process to develop a
strategytoachievedesiredobjectives,tosolveproblemsandtofacilitateaction"
According to Allen,
"A plan is a trap laid to capture the future"
Nature/Characteristics of Planning
1. Planning is an intellectual process: Planning is an intellectual process of thinking in advance. It is the process of deciding the future of the series of events to follow. Planning is a process where several steps are to be taken to decide the future course of action.
2. Planning Contributes to the objectives: Planning Contributes Positively in attaining the objectives of the Planner. A plan tries to set everything right. A purposeful, Sound, and effective planning process knows how and when to tackle a problem. This leads to Success. Objectives thus are easily achieved.
3. Planning is a Primary function: Planning precedes other functions in a process. Certainly, the Setting of goals to be achieved and lines of action to be followed precedes the organization, direction, supervision, and control. It is the primary requirement before the other functions step in. But all functions are interconnected. It thus gets primary everywhere.
4. A Continuous Process: Planning is a continuous process and a never-ending activity based upon some assumptions which may or may not come true in the future. Therefore the planner has to go on modifying, revision, and adjusting plans in the light of changing circumstances.
2. To Utilize the Resources in a Better Way: An Important advantage of planning is that it makes effective and proper utilization of resources. It identifies all such available resources and makes optimum use of their resources.
3. To Increase the Effectiveness: Planning ensures effectiveness. Effectiveness ensures that the planner is in a position to achieve its objective due to the increased efficiency of the planner and supporters.
4. To Reduce the Cost of Performance: Planning assists in reducing the cost of performance. It includes the selection of only one course of action that would yield the best result at the minimum cost.
5. To Help in Coordination: Good Plans unify the interdepartmental activity and clearly lay down the area of freedom in the development of various sub-plans
6. To Make the effective Control: Planning and control are inseparable in the sense that unplanned action cannot be controlled because control involves keeping activities on the predetermined courses by rectifying deviation from plans.
7. To Encourage Innovation: Planning helps innovative and creative thinking among the persons because many new ideas come to the mind of a person when he is planning.
8. To Increase Competitive Strength: Effective planning gives competitive edges to the organization over others that do not have planning or have ineffective planning.
1. Planning is an intellectual process: Planning is an intellectual process of thinking in advance. It is the process of deciding the future of the series of events to follow. Planning is a process where several steps are to be taken to decide the future course of action.
2. Planning Contributes to the objectives: Planning Contributes Positively in attaining the objectives of the Planner. A plan tries to set everything right. A purposeful, Sound, and effective planning process knows how and when to tackle a problem. This leads to Success. Objectives thus are easily achieved.
3. Planning is a Primary function: Planning precedes other functions in a process. Certainly, the Setting of goals to be achieved and lines of action to be followed precedes the organization, direction, supervision, and control. It is the primary requirement before the other functions step in. But all functions are interconnected. It thus gets primary everywhere.
4. A Continuous Process: Planning is a continuous process and a never-ending activity based upon some assumptions which may or may not come true in the future. Therefore the planner has to go on modifying, revision, and adjusting plans in the light of changing circumstances.
Objectives of Planning
1. To Reduce Uncertainty: The future is always full of uncertainties. One has to function in these uncertainties. It can operate Successfully If it can predict the uncertainties. Some of the uncertainties can predict by undertaking systematic forecasting. Thus planning helps in foreseeing uncertainties that may be caused by changes in technology, government rules, regulation, etc.2. To Utilize the Resources in a Better Way: An Important advantage of planning is that it makes effective and proper utilization of resources. It identifies all such available resources and makes optimum use of their resources.
3. To Increase the Effectiveness: Planning ensures effectiveness. Effectiveness ensures that the planner is in a position to achieve its objective due to the increased efficiency of the planner and supporters.
4. To Reduce the Cost of Performance: Planning assists in reducing the cost of performance. It includes the selection of only one course of action that would yield the best result at the minimum cost.
5. To Help in Coordination: Good Plans unify the interdepartmental activity and clearly lay down the area of freedom in the development of various sub-plans
6. To Make the effective Control: Planning and control are inseparable in the sense that unplanned action cannot be controlled because control involves keeping activities on the predetermined courses by rectifying deviation from plans.
7. To Encourage Innovation: Planning helps innovative and creative thinking among the persons because many new ideas come to the mind of a person when he is planning.
8. To Increase Competitive Strength: Effective planning gives competitive edges to the organization over others that do not have planning or have ineffective planning.
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